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A five-hundred-year story of exclusion and containment, from the first Jewish ghetto to the present
On March 29, 1516, the city council of Venice issued a decree forcing Jews to live in a closed quarter, il geto―named for the copper foundry that once occupied the area. The term stuck, and soon began its long and consequential history.
In this sweeping account, Mitchell Duneier traces the idea of the ghetto from its beginnings in the sixteenth century and its revival by the Nazis to the present day. We meet pioneering black thinkers such as Horace Cayton, a graduate student whose work on the South Side of Chicago established a new paradigm for thinking about Northern racism and black poverty in the 1940s. We learn how the psychologist Kenneth Clark subsequently linked the slum conditions in Harlem with black powerlessness in the civil rights era, and we follow the controversy over Daniel Patrick Moynihan’s report on the black family. We see how the sociologist William Julius Wilson refocused the debate on urban America as the country retreated from racially specific remedies, and how the education reformer Geoffrey Canada sought to transform the lives of inner-city children in the ghetto.
By expertly resurrecting the history of the ghetto from Venice to the present, Duneier’s Ghetto provides a remarkable new understanding of an age-old concept. He concludes that if we are to understand today’s ghettos, the Jewish and black ghettos of the past should not be forgotten.
- Sales Rank: #28525 in Books
- Published on: 2016-04-19
- Released on: 2016-04-19
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.24" h x 1.06" w x 6.34" l, 1.00 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 304 pages
Review
A New York Times Book Review Editors' Choice
A Best Book of April, The Christian Science Monitor
Staff Pick, Publishers Weekly
"Stunningly detailed and timely . . . In Duneier's impressive and comprehensive volume, readers will find a greater sense of the complexity of America's problem of racial inequality, as well as the urgency―practical and moral―of solving it." ―Khalil Gibran Muhammad, The New York Times Book Review
"Brilliant . . . [Duneier's] concerns are born from profound sociological and historical understanding. His book is an incisive, balanced yet commendably biting account of the unfinished history of the ghetto." ―Jerry Brotton, The Wall Street Journal
"[Ghetto is] a history of the concept which also serves as an argument for its continued usefulness. Duneier is a sociologist, too, sensitive to the sting of 'ghetto' as an insult. But for him that sting shows us just how much inequality we still tolerate, even as attitudes have changed . . . Duneier’s book makes it easy to see how, through all these changes, black ghettos in America have remained the central point of reference for anyone who wants to understand poverty and segregation." ―Kelefa Sanneh, The New Yorker
"A searing and searching examination of the political and cultural history at the root of this powerfully evocative and inflammatory term." ―David M. Shribman, The Boston Globe
"As [Duneier's] fine book demonstrates, the meaning of 'ghetto' has changed over time, responding to political circumstances . . . His rich intellectual history of the ghetto raises important questions about how we might address the plight of its residents." ―Aram Goudsouzian, The Washington Post
"Beautifully written . . . [Duneier] is our most acute observer of [the ghetto's] history." ―Mario L. Small, The Chronicle of Higher Education
"Duneier's intellectual biographies sparkle with revealing details . . . Duneier offers one of the best―and certainly the most readable―accounts of the transformation of American sociological thinking on race. Like the most accomplished intellectual biographers, he situates his subjects in fierce debate with their contemporaries and with each other . . . [Ghetto] is a provocative and often brilliant history of urban sociology and public policy." ―Thomas J. Sugrue, Bookforum
"An arresting, listen-up synthesis of ghetto-living theory and practice over its 500-year history; particular emphasis is paid to the last century, when ghettoes shape-shifted with alarming speed. You emerge with an oh-so-better understanding of the forces that fashioned the ghetto." ―Peter Lewis, The Christian Science Monitor
"Mitchell Duneier's Ghetto is a badly needed and rich historical analysis. In his subtle treatment of towering figures such as Horace Cayton, Kenneth Clark, William Julius Wilson, and Geoffrey Canada, Duneier helps us discern the insights and blindnesses of policies that seek to empower poor people." ―Cornel West
"One of America's preeminent ethnographers, renowned for his exquisite close-focus portraits of the deprived in our cities, now zooms out to wide-angle intellectual history. Tracing the concept of 'the ghetto' from its tangled roots in early modern Italy to its genocidal implementation by the Nazis in Warsaw and its contemporary embodiment in poverty-stricken, subjugated American central cities, Mitchell Duneier offers subtle, unexpected insights into the contours and consequences of race-based residential segregation." ―Robert D. Putnam, author of Bowling Alone and Our Kids
"In Poland in 1949, W.E.B. Du Bois recognized the 'Negro problem' in the former Warsaw ghetto, drawing a parallel Mitchell Duneier explores with discernment. Focused on particular thinkers in particular times, Ghetto reveals how social science actually operates. The result: a brilliant combination of breadth and sharpness, of thought-provoking questions and clear-sighted answers, of Jews and blacks in cities across the Western world."―Nell Irvin Painter, author of The History of White People
"In this ingenious and riveting book, Mitchell Duneier reveals that social scientists were as important as structural racism, urban policy, and economic forces in creating what we’ve come to know as the modern ghetto. The story of the ghetto's invention is chock-full of misinterpretations, intrigues, and analytical breakthroughs. Revisiting the often elusive relationships between the medieval Jewish ghetto, the Nazi-created ghetto, and the open-air prisons we call the black ghetto, Duneier turns prevailing wisdom on its head, warning us that what we think of as 'ghetto fabulous' may, in fact, be fabulations." ―Robin D. G. Kelley, author of Freedom Dreams: The Black Radical Imagination
"Mitchell Duneier's book on the ghetto explores both the place and the thinking it has inspired. He tells the story of a reality that will not go away. His writing is never superficial, always clear, and sometimes deeply moving. To understand the American city, you need to read this book." ―Richard Sennett, author of The Craftsman and The Fall of Public Man
"Mitchell Duneier's book should be read by anyone who wants to understand the history of the ghetto and how our thinking about race has developed. For many, it will be the equivalent of Robert Heilbroner's The Worldly Philosophers, which introduced readers to the history of economic thought―it displays a similar gift for narrative, appraisal, and analysis. In light of recent events in Ferguson, Baltimore, and elsewhere, and the emergence of the Black Lives Matter movement, this book could not be more timely." ―Paul Starr, author of The Social Transformation of American Medicine
"A magisterial recovery of a repudiated concept that brings much needed historical awareness to the idea and the reality." ―Barbara Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Chief Curator, Core Exhibition, POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews, Warsaw
"A wholly new perspective on the ghetto." ―Kenneth Stow, author of Theater of Acculturation: The Roman Ghetto in the Sixteenth Century
"A major work of original historical research and contextualization that is destined to become a classic." ―Benjamin C. I. Ravid, Jennie and Mayer Weisman Professor Emeritus of Jewish History, Brandeis University
"A brilliant if sobering exploration of how the mental architecture of stigma and confinement has imposed itself." ―Patricia J. Williams, James L. Dohr Professor of Law, Columbia Law School
"A careful and wide-ranging intellectual history of the ghetto. We need this book." ―Jonathan Holloway, Dean of Yale College
"The rise of economic inequality has become a staple of policy debates and stump speeches. Less visible is the way the rise has altered the landscape of America’s urban neighborhoods . . . [Ghetto] should help change that." ―Patrick Sharkey, The Atlantic
"Duneier considers the ghetto to be a useful sociological concept . . . and has worked hard to bring us its abundant history . . . Using new and forgotten sources, Duneier’s book is a valuable examination of black ghettos in America from 1944 to the present." ―Dusty Sklar, Jewish Currents
"There are no magic solutions in Ghetto, but the book makes it clear that any attempt to undo the disenfranchisement of the ghetto will have to wrestle with the restrictions based on race, income and wealth that built its walls in the first place." ―Naomi Gordon-Loebl, The Washington Spectator
"Noted sociologist Duneier uncovers the intellectual and sociological history of how the word ["ghetto"] evolved . . . The narrative moves seamlessly from the 1940s through 2004, with plenty of history and future thinking peppered in-between . . . [Ghetto] is timely and important." ―Rebecca Vnuk, Booklist
"In his timely history of the black American ghetto and the thinkers who theorized and defined it, Princeton sociologist Duneier resuscitates the 'forgotten ghetto' and the various ways it was understood . . . [a] far-reaching and incisive study." ―Publishers Weekly (starred review)
"[E]ffectively merges scholarship with a journalist's eye for detail . . . [Ghetto] deserves a wide readership."―Kirkus Reviews
About the Author
Mitchell Duneier is the Maurice P. During Professor of Sociology at Princeton University and the author of the award-winning urban ethnographies Slim’s Table and Sidewalk.
Most helpful customer reviews
9 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Jewish ghetto? Who knew?
By Terry Teacher
This book resonated with me on so many levels: Black scholars defining/illuminating my childhood home (the ghetto); becoming aware that the ‘ghetto’ originated with the Jews centuries ago; while the Jewish ghetto was more one of group solidarity - people thriving within their culture - the African American (AA) ghetto was/is more like a prison/encampment with pretty much no opportunity to get out (e.g. generational); more information on restrictive covenants (who knew) and how they were demonically planned to keep Black folks in very small dense communities with hardly any services (the results of which still impact our communities today); how AA have not been thought of as humans (kinda knew but when you hear more proof…whoo) since forever; how the government, including colleges and powerful national outside organizations, were complicit (knew this too but again more proof) in systematically and diabolically upholding the draconian policies and unfair real estate planning practices.
The author juxtaposes the Jewish ghetto where people ‘simultaneously suffered and flourished’ and were able to move far away from their ghetto and fellow Jews, with the AA ghetto and how they were unable to ‘break through restrictive covenants (in addition to red lining and the rest) to the borders of existing neighborhoods’; offering limited opportunities no matter how successful. “ … black settlement patterns were unnatural and based on white aspirations to racial purity. They did not resemble those of other ethnic and racial groups.”
I especially appreciated how Duneier framed and enlightened ‘the ghetto’ term, as it relates to blacks, from mainly AA scholars’ perspectives. As he himself stated: “It’s little recognized that the term embodies some of the most brilliant work in the history of the social sciences, much of which was contributed by black scholars such as those presented in these pages.” As a social worker myself I smiled when I read about how the first scholar presented, Horace Clayton, actually did field-work (the right way) with over 200 interviewers (supervised by 20 graduate students) –in the Black neighborhood to learn about and get information on Black people!
This book brilliantly elucidates these scholars’ views on the AA ghetto, based on research and the people who lived there as well as offering recommendations and opinions on the best way to better the ghetto or move people out of it. Although, over the years, there have been many views and opinions on how to support/help the inhabitants of the ghetto there’s obviously not a quick fix and we need to keep that in perspective. It took us centuries to get into this position it may take us that long to untangle it…. hope not though.
Finally, really glad I was exposed to this author at a book reading in Baltimore at Sheppard Pratt Library. This quote reflects American ghetto sentiments best: “Above and beyond racism, this ability of the American people to compartmentalize, to live with moral dissonance, is the crucial underlying foundation of the forgotten ghetto.”
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
An outstanding book
By Van C. Tran
This book is a sweeping treatment and an insightful intellectual history of the concept of the "ghetto". It contains an excellent mix of sociological knowledge that is essential to the debate on urban poverty and the nuanced details of the concept's emergence and use over time both in Europe and in the U.S. A must-read for all scholars of urban poverty, race and inequality!
1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Their stories provide a layered narrative that is one more lens - and an important one - in which to view the history of racial
By Paul
Mitchell Duneier’s book Ghetto: The Invention of a Place, the History of an Idea is an important and powerful contribution to the national story of race, place, and inequality in America. Where others have documented the power struggles, policy failures and political motivations behind America’s enduring legacy of racial apartheid, Duneier documents the history of the American black ghetto as a social, psychological and physical construct and follows the work of African American scholars Horace Cayton, St. Clair Drake, Kenneth Clarke, and William Julius Wilson as each of these intellectual luminaries interact with the world of academia, politics, culture, national policy and the ghetto communities of Chicago and New York. Their stories provide a layered narrative that is one more lens - and an important one - in which to view the history of racial segregation in America and to better understand its impact on American society as a whole including our current political dysfunction, policy failures and our inability to respond effectively - or even speak coherently - about the intersecting issues of racial justice and economic inequality.
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